Mishnah
Mishnah

Talmud sur Avot 1:2

שִׁמְעוֹן הַצַּדִּיק הָיָה מִשְּׁיָרֵי כְנֶסֶת הַגְּדוֹלָה. הוּא הָיָה אוֹמֵר, עַל שְׁלשָׁה דְבָרִים הָעוֹלָם עוֹמֵד, עַל הַתּוֹרָה וְעַל הָעֲבוֹדָה וְעַל גְּמִילוּת חֲסָדִים:

Shimon Hatzaddik était le dernier des hommes de la grande assemblée [et la tradition (hakabalah) est restée entre ses mains. Il était grand-prêtre après Esdras.] Il avait coutume de dire [(Et donc tout "R. Ploni dit" et "Il avait coutume de dire" dans ce traité sont compris comme "C'est ce qu'il dirait toujours.") ]: Le monde repose sur trois choses [c'est-à-dire, le monde a été créé uniquement pour ces trois choses]: sur la Torah [(Shabbath 88a) Si Israël n'avait pas accepté la Torah, le ciel et la terre n'auraient pas été créés, comme il est écrit (Jérémie 33:25): "Sans mon alliance (de la Torah), jour et nuit, les statuts du ciel et de la terre je n'aurais pas fait"], sur avodah [le service sacrificiel. Car c'est ainsi que nous avons appris dans le traité Ta'anith (27b): Si ce n'est pour le ma'amadoth (les «veilles» des services sacrificiels), le ciel et la terre ne pourraient pas durer. Et nous constatons qu'à cause des sacrifices offerts par Noach, Il a juré qu'Il n'apporterait plus jamais un déluge sur le monde—d'où nous voyons que le monde dure à cause des sacrifices], et de la bonté, [comme il est écrit (Psaumes 89: 3): "Le monde est construit sur la bonté". L'amour consiste à: réjouir le marié, consoler les personnes en deuil, visiter les malades, s'occuper des morts, etc.]

Jerusalem Talmud Taanit

Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa in the name of Rebbi Yasa: The world only continues to exist by the sacrifices133In the absence of a Temple, this means that the daily recitation of the rules of daily sacrifices are necessary for the continued existence of the world. In Amoraic times this implied that the institution of the rules for bystanders to be explained in the following Halakhot was still followed, continuing the cycle of priestly watches uninterrupted theoretically from the time of Ezra (or practically from Hasmonean times.). There, we stated134Mishnah Avot 1:2.: “Simeon the Just was of the remainders of the Great Assembly. He used to say, the world continues to exist by three things, by the Torah, by worship, and by labors of love135Labors for which no thanks can be given, such as burying the dead or giving charity anonymously.” All three are in one verse136Is. 51:16.: I shall put My word in your mouth, that is Torah. By the shadow of My hands I shall cover you, these are labors of love; to teach you that he who is occupied with Torah and labors of love merits to dwell in the shadow of the Holy One, praise to Him. That is what is written137Ps. 36:8., how precious is Your grace, o God, and humans take shelter in Your wings’ shadow. To plant the Heavens and give foundation to the earth136Is. 51:16., these are the sacrifices, and to say to Zion, you are My people, these are Israel. Rebbi Ḥinena bar Pappa said, we went over all of Scripture and only found this one that Israel was called Zion, and to say to Zion, you are My people. There, we stated138Mishnah Avot 1:18. The following text shows that the verse quoted at the end was not part of the Yerushalmi Mishnah (and is not part of Maimonides’s autograph Mishnah.): “Rabban Simeon ben Gamliel says, the world is existing on three things, on justice, on truth, and on peace. All three are one: If justice is done, truth is accomplished. If truth is accomplished, peace is established. Rebbi Mana said, and all are in one verse139Zach. 8:16., judge truth and law of peace in your gates.
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